steel and earthquake

Steel and Earthquake

There is a mistaken belief among some people that steel buildings do not do well in earthquakes. The truth is quite the opposite. In fact, steel buildings have a distinct edge over concrete in earthquakes. The reason, however, is counter-intuitive, and worth understanding.

We tend to think that the heavier and more rigid an object is, the stronger it is. This assumption is especially common regarding buildings, because our day-to-day experience validates it. If you’ve ever been in a wooden house during high wind, and heard the timbers creaking and groaning ominously, you might have wished the structure was concrete. We assume that the weight of concrete would help hold the house down, and the unbending nature of concrete would resist the swaying under the wind impact. That makes sense if the impacts are on the scale of a truck hitting a wall, or even a hurricane. 

However, an earthquake is different than other loads. It isn’t a surface force threatening to sweep the house off its foundation. The earth itself moves, moving the foundation of the building. It’s more like a strong bucking bronco, trying to shake the house off its back.  

Steel construction is lighter in weight than concrete, without compromising strength. It has less mass – and therefore less force – to damage itself under seismic shaking. It requires less earthquake resistance to be built into the superstructure and into the foundation, potentially lowering construction costs, too.

Moreover, steel makes a more resilient structure because it is a more ductile material, allowing it to bend considerably before breaking. It will respond better in an earthquake than a more brittle structure. In smaller seismic events, a steel building is more likely to snap back than it is to crack. Should the maximum seismic event for which the building is designed occur, there may be severe deformities, but it won’t undergo progressive collapse. 

Tekmetsan Steel Structures will meet or even exceed all local building codes including seismic codes. Let us know the location of your building and we will provide the ideal steel design for your building.

5 Factors to choose your steel supplier

5 Factors to choose your steel supplier

Steel is a hugely popular metal used in residential, commercial or large construction projects. With many options, it can be overwhelming to select a steel fabrication supplier for the first time. It is important to do your research and perform due diligence on a company before signing a contract however, this is not always possible through online sources. 

Asking the right questions of your potential supplier is important and sometimes, the best way to research their credentials.

If you’ve never worked with a metal supplier before, consider the following factors before choosing one:

1. Product and Fabrication Range

Choose a supplier with a wide product range so that you can have all your steel requirements met instead of sourcing them from different companies, and the inherent planning and delivery problems that comes with this.
Tekmetsan is a one stop shop for all your steel structure needs.
We have an experienced in-house design department and sophisticated fabrication workshop to meet all your expectations.

2. Design Capabilities and Technology

The best manufacturers of steel structures have experienced designers who will create an individual design according to the customer’s guidelines.
They are not afraid of making changes at various stages and they are able to incorporate thought future modifications, e.g. additional features, expansion, a changed layout, or even a transfer of the steel building to another location.
Our great design team and fabrication capabilities enable us to offer highly customized solutions for changing client needs.

3. Experience & References

A company that has been on the market for a long time is a safe choice. Make sure that the steel manufacturer you choose meets all your expectations, check and look at the projects that have been delivered by the company to be sure.
If there are many you can be confident that the company has the ability to deliver steel halls of all kinds.
The best manufacturers list interesting projects on their websites. Tekmetsan has a broad range of project references all around the world.

4. Production Quality

Before selecting a supplier, make sure that they do not provide substandard and poor-quality materials and tools. To ensure that this does not happen, look through the history of a before choosing them.
If the supplier is recognized for good quality products, then you can rest assured that they would offer reliable products.
Tekmetsan production systems is certified by leading German intuition Tuv-Nord on a yearly basis and all our products are CE certified.

5. Customer Support and Reliability

At Tekmetsan, we work hand in hand with clients to understand their ideas, enabling us to deliver the best possible service, on time, on budget and with the safety of everyone in mind.
As we have been in operation for over 10 years we have a high returning customer base from both small private clients to leading brands.
With our excellent customer service and transparent quotations, you can rest assured we have your best interests at heart in saving you money on your project.
Customer service is like steel—it’s ultimately the foundation of all we do. From the moment you contact our customer service representatives, you will be expertly guided through the design of a structure tailored to your exact specifications, right down to the foundation, trim and paint.
When you ask for pricing on a building or components, you receive a quote with an easy-to-follow detailed description. We follow up with a materials list that accompanies the delivery of your building. Our customer service department continues to assist you after your building has been delivered.

Should You Choose a Concrete, Timber or Steel Structure?

Should You Choose a Concrete, Timber or Stell Structure?

Concrete, timber and steel are three of the most common building materials used today. The material you should choose for your structure depends on many factors, such as the type of building, your budget, and the capabilities of your worksite. Concrete, timber and steel each comes with their own advantages and challenges, so which one should you choose?

Concrete

Concrete has been used since ancient times, and today it’s often chosen for its durability, versatility, thermal mass, and low maintenance.
For high-rise buildings or long-span bridges, structural concrete provides maximum strength, durability, and the ability to withstand a high level of tensile stress.
Concrete is environmentally friendly because it is made from readily available materials – sand and limestone – and it’s also fire and weather resistant.
Choosing a concrete structure also provides a wealth of aesthetic possibilities.
Concrete can be easily incorporated with other materials to create colours or patterns, and it can be moulded into any number of shapes, because it starts in liquid form.
Compared to steel, concrete requires less skill to erect.
However, because of the many steps involved in erecting reinforced concrete, the final strength can sometimes be affected if there has been poor workmanship.
Another risk with concrete is that shrinkage can cause cracks or loss of strength.

Timber

Timber is cost effective, naturally durable and has a high structural efficiency as carried load per unit.
If it’s sourced from sustainably managed forests, it can be a more environmentally friendly choice than steel or other building materials.
Timber is ideal for use internally as it maintains a pleasant level of humidity inside a dwelling, and it absorbs sound – preventing echo and noise inside.
The natural beauty and warmth of wood creates an aesthetically pleasing atmosphere, as each tree has its own colours, smells and patterns, depending on how it was sliced.
Timber is lightweight, easy to work with, and adaptable to offsite manufacturing, so it is often used in low-rise residential structures.
However, timber can deteriorate over time due to decay, mould, bacteria, insects, weather or fire.
This means a timber structure may require more maintenance than concrete or steel.

Steel

Steel has a high strength to weight ratio, making it a better structural material for low and high-rise buildings, long-span bridges, or buildings on soft ground. Steel is often used in major construction to speed up development, reduce onsite risks, and minimise waste. Computer modelling can be used to ensure components are manufactured correctly the first time, minimising rework. Buildings with steel structures are often lighter and have smaller foundations because steel is structurally efficient. Steel structures can be erected quickly and with fewer workers needed onsite, reducing labour costs. Compared to concrete, erecting a steel structure creates less noise and dust on a worksite and surrounding areas. Steel is fire resistant, termite free, and a large portion of steel can be recycled.

Value Engineering Structures

Value Engineering Structures

More than one reasonable, safe and acceptable solution can often be applied to a particular design. Value engineering asks: “Which acceptable solution is most economical?” and “Does an entirely different and better approach exist?” To answer both questions effectively, depth and breadth of experience is required.

The performance benefits of steel in relation to strength, stiffness, lightness, prefabrication and quality are facilitated by a range of principles for value engineering at each stage of a project and across a number of stakeholders, including: 

• lighter is not always better 

• utilise prefabrication and modularisation when appropriate

• implement responsive member and connection detailing

• repetition and standardisation

• design for construction 

• minimise the potential for variations

design for economy 

• life cycle costing

Vastly experienced Tekmetsan engineering department provides value engineering for all projects even without it is requested by the client. We believe having over 70% repetitive or referred clients is the outcome of this standard procedure. 

 

Some value engineering activities that we are constantly checking are;

• Suggesting changes to parts to give better nest utilisation and avoid material wastage

• Designing parts for manufacture that suit existing capabilities

• Taking down material gauges but adding design features to retain structural integrity

• Making assemblies easier to assemble

• Adding features which will provide fast and safe erection

• Substituting materials based on the availability on the market and price levels.

 

Steel Mezzanines

Steel Mezzanines

When it comes to increasing space, it is more economical to building up rather than to expanding outward. Mezzanines are the most common solution for building additional space inwards. A mezzanine is an intermediate floor inside a building, usually with direct access from the inside of the building.

There are a few different types of mezzanine construction, depending on the size and application. To ensure the right solution for your needs, you need to understand the variety of structural options and decking types available.

Cold rolled refers to the method of forming sheet metal into a c-channel to use as the framework of the mezzanine floor.
Cold-rolled material is much lighter than structural steel and therefore easier to handle. It can also be pre-galvanized; offering a substantial savings over painted, hot-dipped galvanized mezzanines.
Cold rolled sections are generally used as a primary or secondary beam member rather than column members.

The major disadvantages of cold-rolled mezzanines is the very limited column spacing (usually 3-4 meters max) and the inability to reach the high live loads or heavily concentrated point loads accomplished with hot rolled mezzanine systems.
Structural steel mezzanines are constructed of structural I beams, which connect to tubular columns or I-beam columns to form a primary frame.

The greatest benefit of structural steel is allowing bigger column spacing. Column spacing can increase up to 8 meters without compromising the dead and live loads on the mezzanine floor.
This means more material can be stored in a smaller area ⎯ with more space for manoeuvrability underneath.

Your mezzanine does not depend on the building for support and can be used as a totally freestanding structure or can be combined with your existing equipment.
Our mezzanine floors are individually designed and engineered to suit your specific needs.

Flooring or Decking Type

Since the type of mezzanine decking you choose will be determined by a variety of circumstances, you have a lot of options when it comes to designing your flooring system.
Whether you’re establishing an office and need a deck to support the building’s visual appeal, storing large goods and require a reinforced material to offer adequate support, or anything else, the correct decking will ensure that your floor is perfectly finished.

Tekmetsan, as experts in this field, would be delighted to assist. We’ve got you covered on everything from the suitability of mezzanine decking to which materials look best.

The most durable type of mezzanine decking is concrete. Concrete should be utilised in high-capacity industrial and military applications where the mezzanine is considered permanent since it has a high point load and negligible noise transmission through the deck.
Steel decking comes with a pour stop that allows you to pour up to 15cm of concrete.

In the waste management, mining, and food service industries, steel grating, also known as bar grating or press-locked grating, is a popular alternative.
Air, light, heat, and fluids may all pass through the deck surface thanks to steel grating. It’s powerful, long-lasting, and almost maintenance-free.

Most economical selection for general storage and office applications is the OSB flooring. OSB provides good resistance to foot traffic and can handle random wheel loads up to 150 kg.

Produced from hot-rolled steel, alongside its structural configuration made up of an evenly distributed raised pattern, our chequered plate flooring type is extremely robust and durable as well as anti-slip as standard.

Conclusion

Our mezzanine floors are individually designed and engineered to suit your specific needs.
• Maximise existing floor space into profitable rentable areas
• Increase net rentable areas by utilising full building heights
• Fully engineered and certified
• Metal fabricated stairs and Balustrades